3.2 元素和属性
我也不知道是什么原因，但作为参考书的章节显得枯燥无味似乎是一种规律。我在描述元素和属性之间的关系时也尽力去遵照这个规律。很不幸的是，美国的教育体系不擅长教学生写单调的东西，但我会尽我所能。
3.2.1 XHTML元素及其属性概述
为了令人厌烦，我把属性和相关的元素放在一起，如表3-1所示。重要的是在查阅这个表格时要记住两件事。
表3-1 XHTML元素及其相关的属性
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
|
a |
链接锚（Anchor） |
accesskey, charset, class, coords, dir, href, hreflang, id, lang, name, onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rel, rev, shape, style, tabindex, target, title, type |
|
|
|
abbr |
缩写 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
|
acronym |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|||
|
address |
作者信息 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
||
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
applet |
Java applet |
是 |
align, alt, archive, class, code, codebase, height, hspace, id, name, object, style, title, vspace, width |
|
area |
客户端图像映射区 |
accesskey, alt, class, coords, dir, href, id, lang, nohref, onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, shape, style, tabindex, target, title |
|
|
b |
粗体 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
base |
文档的基本URI |
href, lang, target |
|
|
basefont |
文档基本字体大小 |
是 |
color, face, id, size |
|
bdo |
BiDi override对象 |
class, id, lang, style, title |
|
|
big |
大号文本 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
blockquote |
引用文本块 |
cite |
|
|
body |
文档主体 |
alink, background, bgcolor, class, dir, id, lang, link, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onload, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onunload, style, text, title, vlink |
|
|
br |
换行 |
class, clear, id, style, title |
|
|
button |
按钮对象 |
accesskey, class, dir, disabled, id, lang, name, onblur, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, tabindex, title, type, value |
|||
|
caption |
表格标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
center |
内容居中 |
是 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
code |
代码片段 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
col |
表格的列 |
align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, valign, width |
|
|
colgroup |
表格的列组 |
align, char, charoff, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, span, style, title, valign, width |
|
|
dd |
定义描述 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
del |
已删除的文本 |
cite, class, datetime, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|||
|
dfn |
实例定义 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
dir |
目录列表 |
是 |
class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
div |
层（样式容器） |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
dl |
定义列表 |
class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
dt |
定义术语 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
em |
强调 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
fieldset |
表单控件组 |
class, dir, id, lang, style, title |
|
|
font |
改变字体 |
是 |
class, color, dir, face, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, size, style, title |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
form |
输入表单 |
accept-charset, accept, action, class, dir, enctype, id, lang, method, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onreset, onsubmit, style, target, title |
|
|
frame |
帧集（Frameset）窗口 |
marginheight, marginwidth, name, noresize, scrolling, src, style, title, width |
|
|
frameset |
子窗口集合 |
class, cols, id, onload, onunload, style, title |
|
|
h1 |
标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
h2 |
标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
h3 |
标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
h4 |
标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
h5 |
标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
h6 |
标题 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
head |
HTML文档头部信息 |
dir, lang, profile |
|
|
hr |
水平线 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, noshade, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, size, style, title, width |
|
|
html |
HTML文档的根元素 |
dir, lang, version |
|
|
i |
斜体 |
class, dir, id, lang, marginwidth, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
iframe |
内嵌帧 |
align, class, frameborder, height, id, longdesc, marginheight, name, scrolling, src, style, title |
|
|
img |
内嵌的图像 |
align, alt, border, class, dir, height, hspace, id, ismap, lang, longdesc, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, src, style, title, usemap, vspace, width |
|
|
input |
表单输入控件 |
accept, accesskey, align, alt, checked, class, dir, disabled, id, ismap, lang, maxlength, name, onblur, onchange, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, onselect, readonly, size, src, style, tabindex, title, type, usemap, value |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
ins |
已插入文本 |
cite, class, datetime, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
isindex |
单行输入提示 |
是 |
class, dir, id, lang, prompt, style, title |
|
kbd |
键盘文本项 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
label |
表单标签字段 |
accesskey, for, onblur, onfocus |
|
|
legend |
表单控件组图例 |
accesskey, align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
li |
列表项 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, value |
|
|
link |
独立链接 |
charset, class, dir, href, hreflang, id, lang, media, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, rel, rev, style, target, title |
|
|
map |
客户端图像映射 |
class, dir, id, lang, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
menu |
菜单列表 |
是 |
class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
meta |
文档元信息 |
content, dir, http-equiv, lang, name, scheme |
|
|
noframes |
当不支持帧时的替代 文本 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup,onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
noscript |
当不支持JavaScript时的替代文本 |
ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
object |
内嵌的对象 |
align, archive, border, class, classid, codebase, codetype, data, declare, dir, height, hspace, id, lang, name, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, standby, style, tabindex, title, usemap, vspace, width |
|
|
ol |
已排序列表 |
class, compact, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, start, style, title, type |
|
|
optgroup |
选项组 |
class, dir, disabled, id, label, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
option |
选择项 |
class, dir, disabled, id, label, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, selected, style, title, value |
|
|
p |
文章段落 |
align, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|||
|
param |
Applet程序或对象的 参数 |
id, name, type, value, valuetype |
|
|
pre |
预定格式的文本 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title, width |
|
|
q |
内嵌引用 |
cite, class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
s |
删除线 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
samp |
样例 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
|
|
script |
Script容器 |
charset, defer, language, src, type |
|
|
select |
选择框 |
class, dir, disabled, id, lang, multiple, onblur, onchange, onclick, ondblclick, onfocus, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, size, style, tabindex, title |
|
|
small |
小号字体 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, onkeypress, onkeyup, onmousedown, onmousemove, onmouseout, onmouseover, onmouseup, style, title |
续表
|
元 素 |
描 述 |
不建议使用 |
属 性 |
|
span |
样式容器 |
class, dir, id, lang, onclick, ondblclick, onkeydown, |